What drugs in the world are planning to fight the coronavirus
It's about experience": what drugs can save you from COVID-19
"We will have an effective remedy"
The first drug for the treatment of a new type of coronavirus was presented in Russia - the Federal Biomedical Agency has developed it on the basis of the antimalarial "Meflokhin", the press service of the organization said.
According to the head of the FMBA, Veronika Skvortsova, the drug is easily tolerated by patients and, despite its different purpose, it helps well against COVID-19.
"Mefloquine" and hydrochloride are analogs of the indicated quinine preparations against malaria, but with significantly less toxicity, they are easily tolerated and with a very pronounced anti-coronavirus effect, that is, already in microconcentrations this drug causes complete inhibition of cytopathic effects in tissue culture, "she said on the air of the TV channel "Russia 1".
The agency has already prepared about three thousand packages of "Meflokhin" for clinical trials, Skvortsova noted. Subsequently, he will be transferred to the hospital in Kommunarka. In addition, the Russians will be able to use the drug for prevention purposes.
“If this is confirmed in clinical trials, then we will have an effective remedy,” stressed the head of FMBA.
"The treatment was chaotic"
As Dmitry Morozov , CEO of the Russian pharmaceutical company Biocad, noted earlier, 66 companies in the world announced the development of drugs for the treatment of a new type of coronavirus during the pandemic. At the same time, 51 of them are working on finding a vaccine, while the other 15 are working on drugs based on DNA, RNA, or "small molecules".
Now in the Russian Federation, three more drugs are being developed that should help in the fight against coronavirus, the vice-president and head of the section of biomedical sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Vladimir Chekhonin , told RIA Novosti earlier .
In particular, specialists have already prepared an inhalation form of the drug Triazavirin, which is well suited for the treatment of a respiratory viral infection. According to Chekhonin, she is already ready for testing.
Another drug for testing on experimental subjects will soon be presented by the Institute of Organic Synthesis and the Moscow Institute of Organic Chemistry named after Zelinsky - it was made on the basis of the Japanese antiviral drug Favipiravir. It was originally designed to combat other RNA-based viruses, in particular influenza.
The Gamaleya National Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology and the Institute of Organic Chemistry have joined forces in the preparation of a drug based on the veterinary "Fosprenil", which is used to treat coronavirus infections in animals. At the moment it is at the registration stage.
The chief physician of the city clinical hospital No. 40 in the Moscow village of Kommunarka, where most patients with COVID-19 are being treated, in turn, spoke about Kaletra. According to Denis Protsenko, treatment with this drug, which is used in the treatment of HIV and AIDS, is now being successfully carried out in the hospital.
“It's all about the accumulated foreign experience, primarily Chinese. When the pandemic began, treatment was chaotic. Some were treated with neuroamidase blockers, some were given antiretroviral drugs. And they saw that in the group of patients who were treated with Kaletra, there was no conflict of interest with other drugs, "said Protsenko RT. He also explained that the appointment of the drug occurs only on the basis of the results of consultations and after the consent of the patients themselves.
According to open sources, the first trials of Kaletra, which is a mixture of two protease inhibitors - ritonavir and lopinavir - were conducted on SARS patients back in 2003. Even then, he showed good results in the fight against SARS.
Earlier, a number of drugs for COVID-19 were also indicated in the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation . According to the information specified in the document, they were determined based on an analysis of the experience of managing patients with SARS associated with coronaviruses.
“These include lopinavir + ritonavir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon preparations. Among the drugs that are at the stage of clinical trials in patients with COVID-19, one can also note umifenovir, remdesivir, favipiravir, ”the text says.
"The drug will not kill anyone"
In foreign countries, work on drugs against coronavirus also does not stop. So, according to US President Donald Trump, the states intend to start using the drug for malaria - hydroxychloroquine. This was reported on March 19 by News Week.
“The best part is that it has been around for a long time, so we know that if things don't go as planned, the drug won't kill anyone,” he said.
According to Trump , the drug showed "very encouraging" results in the first phase: in six days of administration, 16 of 24 patients were cured. “We are going to make this drug available almost immediately,” the head of state said.
The effectiveness of drugs against malaria in the treatment of patients with coronavirus infection is now being studied also in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Great Britain, Spain and France. Chinese doctors were the first to test them - in the journal BioScience Trends in February, an article was published on the results of using chloroquine in the treatment of one hundred patients with pneumonia. Most of them showed improvement in lung condition and a decrease in the duration of the disease.
In mid-March, the Japanese pharmaceutical company Takeda Pharmaceutical also announced the development of a drug to treat the new coronavirus. To begin research, specialists need to coordinate work with national health organizations and government regulatory bodies. First of all, they need access to the blood plasma of people who have successfully undergone COVID-19 infection.
“The recovered donors have developed antibodies to the virus, which can mitigate the severity of the disease in patients with COVID-19 and possibly prevent its development,” the company explained.
German scientists from the primate center in Göttingen are also conducting their research. They tried a drug against SARS-CoV-2, intended for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis, postoperative reflux esophagitis, and some forms of cancer. According to doctors, a substance called Camostat Mesilate can interfere with the attachment of coronavirus spines to a human cell.
“The target of these drugs is not the structural or regulatory proteins of the virus, but the cellular enzyme of the host cell, which participates in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, namely in the process of virus penetration into the cell,” explained the head of the infectious diseases department of the H-Clinic RUDN University Danila Konnov.
By March 18, the WHO Clinical Trials Registration Platform had already counted 263 clinical trials of drugs for COVID-19. One of the most promising in this diversity, WHO Assistant Director General Bruce Aylward, called a drug from Gilead Sciences , which is known for developing drugs against hepatitis C and HIV. One of the drugs, Remdesivir, was once invented to combat Ebola, but is now being successfully tested to combat COVID-19. WHO promises to report on the suitability of the drug by May this year.
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